Forging machine



April 3, 1934. J. RODE 1,953,314.

FORGING MACHINE Filed NOV. 17, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet, l

April'3, 1934. F. J RODE 1,953,314

FORGING- MACHINE Filed Nov. 17, 1930 v 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 3, 1934.

F.=J. RODE 1,953,314

FORGING MACHINE.

Filed Nov. 17, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 April 3, 1934. J RQDE 1,953,314

' FORGING MACHINE Filed Nov. 17, 1930 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 g llll H -59 Patented Apr. 3, 1934 UNITED. STATES,

PATENT OFFICE FORGING MACHINE Application November 17, 1930, Serial No. 496,131

12 Claims.

. I This invention relates to improvements in forging machines of the type in which there are employed co-operating dies for shaping or forming the work, one of the dies being connected with a ram which is reciprocable with a set throw, and one of the objects of the invention is to provide means whereby the other or lower die will from time to time be raised so that the work will be moved within the path of reciprocation of the upper die.

A further object is to provide improved means for automatically and intermittently moving the lower die, and improved means for automatically controlling such movement of the lower die.

A further object is to provide improved hydraulic means for causing the work and lower die to be raised, and automatically controlled valve mechanism for relieving the hydraulic pressure by permitting a portion of the liquid under pressure to escape, and which valve mechanism will be responsive in its operation to the operation of a movable part of the machine.

A further object is to provide in a machine of this character an hydraulic pump for imparting a circulation to the liquid, and improved means for interrupting such circulation to cause the pressure upon the liquid by the pump to move the lower die or work into the path of reciprocation of the die carried by the ram.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction, combination and arrangement of the several parts here inafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention, and in which Figure 1 is a view partly in elevation, partly in section, partly broken away, and with parts omitted, of ,a machine of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention, and showing the parts in a normal or inoperative position.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing the parts in the position which they will assume when the work is first raised or brought into the path of movement of the ram to be operated thereupon.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, showing the parts in the position which t ey will assume after the lower die or work hofiier has beenfurther raised.

Figure 4 is a detailview taken on line 4-4, Figure 3;

Figures 5 to 10 are diagrammatic views illustrating the different steps in the operation of raising the lower die or work holder and work with respect to the limit of the stroke of the ram. Referring more particularly to the drawings the numeral 15 designates generally a supporting base, '16 uprights rising therefrom, 1'7 a reciprocable ram movable in guides 18 along the uprights 16, and 19 designates a crank shaft having a drive pulley connected thereto which receives its motion preferably by means of a belt 21 passing thereover.

Mounted to slide in suitable guides 22- on the uprights 16 and above the crank shaft 19 is a member 23, and this member 23 is connected by means of a crank arm 24 with the crank shaft 19 so that the crank shaft 19 is preferably located between the member 23 and the reciprocable ram 17.

Threaded into the member 23 are rods or shafts 25 which are of any desired length and these rods 25, any number of which may be provided, are rotatably mounted in bearings 26 on the ram 17 and collars 2'7 are secured to the ends of the rods or shafts 25 beneath the bearings 26, and similar collars or fastening means 28 are secured to the rods or shafts 25 above the bearings 26 for connecting them with the I ram so that when the crank shaft 19 is rotated,

the member 23 will be reciprocated and this reciprocating movement will be imparted to the ram 17 through the connecting rod or shaft 25.

Secured to each of the rods or shafts 25 are gears 29 which are adapted through the medium of a gear 30 to be rotated through the medium of intermediate gears 3132, the latter being rotated in any suitable manner to rotate the shafts or rods 25 and thereby vary the fixed position of the ram 1'? with respect to the crank shaft 19.

Carried by the ram 1'7 is a die 33 which cooperates with a die 34 upon which the work 35 is mounted and the die 34 is supported by means of a member 36 movable in directions toward and away from the crank shaft 19 so as to move the work 35 into or out of the limit of throw of the die 33.

Themember 36 is adapted to be lowered under the stress of the ram 1'7, and. to that end there may be provided a piston 37 which is connected with or by means of which the member 36 is supported. This piston 37 is provided with the usual packing 38 and is reciprocable in a cylinder or chamber 39 which preferably constitutes an integral part of the base '15 of the machine.

The die 34 will be yieldingly resistedin its by an electric motor (not shown) and which motor may be controlled in the usual manner, also not shown.

The inlet of the pump 41 is connected by means of a pipe 42 with the container 40, preferably adjacent the bottom thereoi, and leading from the outlet of the pump is a pipe 43 in which is arranged a check valve 44, and this pipe 43 has connection as at 45 with the cylinder 39 beneath the piston 3'7.

The cylinder 39 is also provided with an outlet 46 to which is connected a pipe 47 that leads back to the tank or container 40, preferably adjacent the top thereof. Within the pipe 47 is arranged a valve chamber 48 and a valve 49 controls the pipe 47, so that when the valve 49 is opened and the pump 41 is operating, which pump operates continuously during the use of the machine, the liquid will be drawn from the container 40 and forced into the bottom of the cylinder 39, thence out of the opening 46, through the pipe 4'7, past the valve 49 and back to the container 40 past the check valve 44 and into the bottom of the cylinder 39 beneath the piston 37, causing the latter to rise and carrying with it the member 36 upon which the work 35 is mounted to position the work within the path of movement of the reciprocating rain.

When the ram operates upon the work after it has been thus raised and when the valve 49 is closed, the valve will be seated against a predetermined pressure so that when the piston 37 is lowered under such conditions it will be yieldingly resisted in such lowering movement by the pressure in the cylinder 39 beneath the piston 37.

When the pressure in the cylinder 39 is overcome by the action of the ram upon the work, and when such-pressure in the cylinder 39 overcomes the pressure with which the valve 49 is held to its seat, the valve will be unseated against its resistance pressure so as to permit the pressure in the cylinder 39 to be lowered and a portion of the liquid therein to escape.

If desired, and in order to maintain the liquid cool so as not to heat the cylinder and piston 39-8'7, a cooling coil 50 may be arranged within the tank or container 41 and is provided with an inlet 51 and an outlet 52 so that a cooling medium may be circulated through the coil.

The valve 49 is held against its seat by means of fluid pressure supplied from a suitable source through a pipe 53 in which a pressure regulating valve 54 and a gage 55 is arranged. The

pipe .53 has communication with a cylinder 56 mounted upon a suitable support 5'7 and arranged within the cylinder 56 is a piston 58 having a piston rod 59 and the valve 49 is provided with a valve stem or rod 60. The piston rod 59 and the valve stem 60 are connected by means of links 61', one end of the links being pivotally conmounted as at 6'7 and carried by the end of the rod 65 is an anti-friction roller 68 slidable in a slot in a member 69, the slot being provided with an upright portion '70 and an inclined portion 71.

The member 69 has connected with it a rod '72 slidable in a suitable bearing '73, and the free end of the rod '72 is connected by means of a link '74 with one end of a foot treadle 75, the latter being pivotally mounted intermediate its ends as at 76, and being provided with a foot engaging portion 7'7.

A spring '78 tends normally to raise the foot engaging portion '77 of the treadle '75 to lower the member 69, thereby causing the anti-friction roller 68 on the bar or rod 65 to assume a position at the upper end of the inclined slot '71 in the member 69. This will draw upon the rod or member 65 and knuckle the links 61, causing the valve 49 to be raised from its seat, thereby opening the passage 47 so that there will be an idle circulation of the liquid from the container 40 through the cylinder 39 and back to the container, as already described (as shown in Figure 1) When, however, the foot treadle '77 is depressed so as to raise the member 69 the anti-friction roller 68 on the member 65 (see Figure 2) will ride into the upright slot 70 of the member 69 and will cause the links 61 to be straightened with respect to each other, thereby forcing the valve 49 against its seat and moving the piston 58 toward one end of the cylinder 56.

The fluid pressure entering the cylinder 56 will then hold the valve 49 yieldingly seated to close the passage 47.

When the pressure in the cylinder 39 overcomes.

the pressure in the cylinder 56 which holds the valve 49'against its seat, the valve will be unseated and this unseating movement of the valve will be effected without knuckling the links 61 by reason of the fact that as the bearing 66 is pivotally mounted, the raising or unseating movement of the valve 49 will under such conditions, not be interfered with. 7

Thus it will be seen by the manipulation of the treadle '75 seating and unseating of the valve 49 may be controlled.

When thevalve 49 is seated and when the pump 41 is operating to build up a predetermined pressure in the cylinder 39, the circulation of the liquidfrom the container will be interrupted and ate and will simply churn in the liquid until the valve 49 is opened.

The raising movement of the member 36 and .thenuroi35 will be yieldingly resisted by fluid pressure meanspreferahwdraulic means, and to that end there may be provided any number of cylinders '79, suitably supported, and which 'cylinders may if desired, be open at the bottom. In each of the cylinders 79 is arranged a piston 80, the piston rods 81 of which are connected as at 82 with the member 36.

Fluid under pressure, such as liquid is supplied to the cylinders 79 from a tank or container 83 'under pressure supplied from a suitable source through a pipe 84 and in which pipe 84 is a pressure regulating valve 85.

The container 83 is connected preferably adjacent its bottom with the cylinders 79 preferably i valve 90, out of the opening 91, through the pipe on the other side of the partition as at 91 with which a pipe 92 communicates, and this pipe 92 has communication through an opening having a suitable packing 98 in which the pipe 92 slides, and the opening has communication with a pipe 94, which latter discharges into the cylinders '79 above the pistons so that when the valve is open the pressure in the tank or container 83 upon the liquid therein will force the liquid out of the container through the chamber 88, past the 92, to be discharged into the cylinders '79.-

When the valve 90 is open and the pressure in the cylinder 39 is relieved by the opening of the valve 49, the fiuid pressure in the cylinders '79 will assist in returning the member 36 and the piston 3'7 to the normal position.

When, however, the valve 49 is closed to raise the piston 37 and the member 36, together with the work 35, and the valve 90 is closed so as to prevent the escape of the liquid from the cylinders 79, as the pistons 80 ascend a resistance pressure will be created in the cylinders '79, against which the member 36 is moved. This will arrest the raising movement of the member 36 and the work 35 will be held in the path of movement of the die on the reciprocating ram. As the ram continues to operate and the work 35 compressed or shaped, means are provided for allowing the member 36together with the work 35 to be automatically advanced by a step by step movement so that the work will creep up so to speak with respect to the limit of the throw of the ram.

This creeping or step by step movement is efiected by an intermittent opening of the valve 90 at predetermined times in the cycle of operation of the machine.

To that end the .valve 90 is provided with a stem which projects beyond the end of the chamber 88 and is provided with a head 96. Connected with any rotatable part of the machine, preferably the crank shaft 19, is a cam 97 shown in detail in Figure 4, and the cam is adapted to be adjusted rotatably with respect to the shaft and held in position by means of a collar 98 causing teeth or serrations 99 to be inter-engaged.

When the valve 90 is opened the cam 97 will rotate without engaging the end of the valve stem 95 but when the parts are adjusted to the position shown in Figure 3, the cam will upon its rotation engage the end of the valve stem 95 to depress the latter and open the valve 90.

The valve 90 is closed by means of an arm or bracket 100 which is connected to a rod 101 slidable in bearings 102, and adjustably mounted upon the rod 101 is a head 103.

The valve stem 95 projects from the closing side of the valve 90 and passes loosely through the bracket 100, a pin or fastening 104 passing through the valve stem beneath the bracket. A coiled spring 105 is interposed between the bracket and a collar 106 which is secured to the valve stem so that when the bracket 100 is raised the valve 90 will be seated by the pressure of the bracket 100 against the spring 105, but the spring 105 will yield so as to permit the valve 90 to be unseated by the action of the cam 9'7 upon the head 96 of the valve stem, in a manner to be set forth.

The chamber 88 is mounted for bodily adjustment so as to move in suitable guides 107, and carried by the bracket 100 are projections 108 which are adapted to engage the chamber 88 and raise the same bodily when the bracket 100 is raised. A spring 109 tends normally to return the bracket and the rod 101 while the chamber 88 will be lowered by gravity.

Connected with the member 69 is a rod'or' extension 110 .which slides in a suitable guide 111, a stop collar 112 being provided upon the rod to limit its lowering movement. A head 113 is adiustably connected to the rod110 and the head H3 is arranged in alinementwith the head 103 on the rod 101.

With the parts in the position shown in Figure l, the chamber 88 will be in its lowermost position as will also the bracket 100 and the valve 90 will be open. When the treadle '75 is depressed the member 69 will be raised and this will first straighten the links 61 with respect to each other so that the valve 49 will be held against its seat by the fluid pressure in the cylinder 56. The pump 41 then operating will force the liquid into the cylinder 39 and will build up the pressure, thereby causing the piston 3'7 and the member 36 to be raised with the work 35, so that the work will be positioned in the path of movement of the die 33 on the ram 1'7.

When the member 36 first starts to rise the pistons 80 will rise and will force some of the liquid out of the cylinders 90 through the pipe 94, pipe 92, through the chamber 88 back into the container 83. Just about the time that the work 35 moves into a position to be contacted by the die 33 on the ram 1'7, the head 113 on the rod 110 will contact with the head 103 on the rod 101 to raise the latter, and with it the bracket or arm 100.

As the bracket 100 starts to rise the valve 90 will be closed, thereby confining the liquid within the cylinders '79 by preventing the escape therefrom so that a resistance pressure to the movement of the pistons 80 will be built up in the cylinders '79 as the member 36 rises.

By this timethe ram has contacted with the work and has compressed the work to a certain extent. Before the ram again contacts with the work, the projections 108 on the bracket 100 will contact with the chamber 88 to raise the latter, the valve 90 being maintained closed by the spring 105, and such raising movement of the chamber 88 will be sufficient to cause the head 96 on the stem 95 to assume a position withinthe path of rotation of the cam 97. When the cam then rotates the valve stem 95 will be depressed and the valve 90 will be momentarily opened so as to permit a portion of the liquid in the cylinders 79 to escape, after which the valve 90 will be immediately closed. The escaping of the liquid from the cylinder '79 or the reducing of the pressureof the liquid in these cylinders will permit the member 36 to move forwardly one step or a predetermined distance according to the length of time in which the valve 90 is held open and the amount ofreduction of pressure in the cylinders '79.

Upon each revolution of the crank shaft the valve 90 will thus be momentarily open and there will be imparted a step by step or creeping movethereby lowering the member 69, causing thevalve 49 to be unseated to relieve pressure in the cylinder 39 and allow the liquid to escape. By the lowering of the member 69 the rod 110 and head 113 will be lowered so that the spring 109 and the weight of the chamber 88 and the attached parts will lower the arm 100 as well as i the chamber 88 to move the end of the valve 96 feeding or advancing of the work will be automatic, and the time of the advancing movements may be controlled by adjusting the cam 97.

The pump 41 is continuously operating and the only operation necessary as to the machine, by the operator after the parts have been once set, is the operation of the foot treadle '75.

In Figures 5 to 10, there are shown the different steps of the advancing movement of the work. In Figure 5 the parts are shown in their normal position. In Figure 6, the. work has just been moved upon the initial depression of the foot treadle so that it will be within the path of movement of the ram.

Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10 show the position of the parts after the different steps of advancing movement of the work to the completion of the shaping or forming of the article.

In order to vary the-work space between the co-ope'rating dies, the ram 1'7 may be adjusted toward or away from the crank shaft by the IQ.- tation of the shafts or rods 25, in the manner already described.

The cylinders 79 and pistons 80 will not only act to arrest the movement of the work into the path of movement of the ram, but also operate to expedite the return movement of the lower die 34 and member 36 when the valve 49 is open.

While the present form of the invention has been shown and described in connection with hydraulic means for producing the desired result it is to-be understood that the use of the term fluid throughout the specification and claims is to be construed broadly to cover any v to which ram one of said dies is connected, means for moving the other die to position the' work to be operated upon by the reciprocating die, means for resisting the said movement of the said other die, and means for controlling the last recited means'to cause the work to be moved towards the reciprocating die after each engagement of the reciprocating die with the work.

2. In a forging'machine, a pair of co-operating dies, a reciprocable ram having a set throw and to which ram one of said dies is connected, fluid pressure meansfor moving the other die to position thework to be operated upon by the reciprocating die, means for resisting the said movement of the said other die, and fluid pressure means for controlling the last recited means to cause the work to be moved towards the reciprocating die after each engagement of the reciprocating die with the work.

3. In a forging machine, a pair of co-operating dies, a reciprocable ram having a set throw and to which ram one of said dies is connected, hydraulic means for moving the other die to position the work to be operated upon by the reciprocating die, means for resisting the said movement of the said other die, and means for controlling the last recited means to-cause the work to bemoved towards the reciprocating die after each engagement of the reciprocating die with the work. 7

4. In a forging machine, a pair,of co-operating dies, a reciprocable ram having a set throw and to which ram one of said dies is connected, means for moving the other die to position the work to be operated upon by the reciprocating die, means for resisting the said movement of the said other. die, and means responsive in its-operation to a movable part of the machine for controlling the last recited means to cause the work to be moved towards the reciprocating die after each engagement of the reciprocating die with the work.

5. In a forging machine a ram reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for moving the work into and for maintaining the same within the limit of the throw of the ram, means for resisting such movement of. the work, and means for intermittently relieving such resistance means after each operation of the ram upon the work to position the work for a subsequent operation of the ram'thereupon.

6. In. a forging machine a ram reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for moving the work into and for maintaining the same within the limit of the throw of the ram, hydraulically controlled means for resisting such movement of the work, and means operating automatically at predetermined times in the cycle of operation of the machine for controlling the last said means to advance the work after each operation of the ram thereupon to position the work for a subsequent operatiton of the ram upon the work.

7. In a forging machine a rain reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for moving the workinto and for maintaining the same within the limit of the throw of the ram, hydraulic means for resisting such movement of the work, the lastsaid means embodying means for confining a quantity of liquid to create a resistance pressure, and means for intermittently relieving such liquid pressure whereby the work will be advanced in successive steps.

8. In a forging machine a ram reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for moving the work into and for maintaining.the same within the limit of the throw-of the ram, hydraulic means for resisting 'such movement of the work, the last said means embodying means for confining a quantity of liquid to create a resistance pressure, and means embodying valve mechanismoperated by a movable part of the machine at a predetermined time in the cycle of operation of the machine for relieving such liquid pressure whereby the work will be advanced in successive steps.

9. In a forging machine a ram reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for yieldingly resisting the movement of the work holder in one direction and for mhving the work holder in the Opposite direction, means for resisting the last recited movement of the work holder, andmeans for intermittently relieving the last recited means whereby a step by step movement of the work holder will be imparted thereto by the first said means;

10. In a forging machine a ram reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for yieldingly resisting the movement of the work holder in one direction and for moving the work holder in the opposite direction, fluid pressure controlled means for resisting the last said movement of the work holder, and means operating automatically to intermittently relieve the said fluid pressure whereby the work holder will gradually advance in the said opposite direction during the operation of the machine to shape the work.

11. In a forging machine a ram reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for yieldingly resisting the movement of the work holder in one direction and for moving the work holder in the opposite direction, means for resisting the last recited movement of the work holder, means for intermittently relieving the last recited means whereby a step by step movement of the work holder will be imparted thereto by the first said means, and means common to the first two recited means for causing them to establish their respective pressures.

12. In aforging machine a ram reciprocable with a set throw, a work holder, means for yieldingly resisting the movement of the work holder in onedirection and for moving the work holder in the opposite direction, means for resisting the last recited movement of the work holder, means for intermittently relieving the last recited means whereby a step by step movement of the work holder will be imparted thereto by the first said means, and means common to the first two recited means for causing them to establish their respective pressures, but one in advance of the other.

FREDRICH J. RODE. 

